Ngā mātāpono ote tiaki i te tarutaruarā: he ōrite, he parakore, kāore he poke, ā, he matomato tonu i te tau katoa. I raro i ngā tikanga whakahaere noa, ka taea te wehewehe i te tarutaru matomato ki ngā wāhanga e whā e ai ki te roa o te wā whakato. Ko te tuatahi ko te whakato ki te wāhanga katoa, e pā ana ki te whakato tuatahi o te tarutaru me te wāhanga whakato ki te tau kotahi, ki te kapi katoa rānei (100% kī tonu me te kore wāhi tuwhera), e kiia ana hoki ko te wāhanga katoa. Ko te tuarua ko te wāhanga tipu nui, e pā ana ki te 2-5 tau i muri i te whakatō, e kiia ana hoki ko te wā tipu nui. Ko te tuatoru ko te wāhanga tipu puhoi, e pā ana ki te 6-10 tau i muri i te whakatō, e kiia ana hoki ko te wāhanga tipu puhoi. Ko te tuawhā ko te wāhanga pirau, e pā ana ki te 10-15 tau i muri i te whakatō, e kiia ana hoki ko te wā pirau. I raro i te taumata tiaki me te whakahaere teitei ake, ka taea te whakaroa i te wā pirau o te tarutaru mō te 5-8 tau.
1. Te whakahaere i te wāhanga whakaora
E ai ki ngā whakaritenga hoahoa me te tukanga, me tino horoia te moenga tarutaru hou i ngā purapura taru me ngā pakiaka tarutaru, ka whakakiia ki te oneone parakore, ka waruhia kia papatahi, ka whakakīkīhia kia neke atu i te 10 cm i mua i te whakamahinga o te tarutaru. E rua ngā momo tarutaru: te tarutaru katoa me te tarutaru angiangi. Ko te tikanga, he tapawha tarutaru 20 × 20 cm te rahi e whakamahia ana mō ngā wāhi koretake. Kāore he wā paunga o te wāhi katoa, ā, he 7-10 noa ngā rā e ora ai. E hiahiatia ana he wā motuhake kia whakakīia te 50% o te wāhi tuwhera o ngā wāhi koretake. Ko te whakakīkī i te kōanga me te tarutaru i te raumati e 1-2 marama noa iho kia pakari, ko te tarutaru i te ngahuru me te hotoke e 2-3 marama kia pakari. Mō te tiaki me te whakahaere, ko te arotahi ko te whakahaere wai me te tongi. I te kōanga, he ātete ki te paru, i te raumati he ātete ki te rā, ā, i te ngahuru me te hotoke, ka whakamahia te tarutaru hei ārai i te hau me te whakamakuku. Ko te tikanga, rehuhia te wai kotahi i te ata me te ahiahi i roto i te wiki i muri i te whakamahinga o te tarutaru, ā, tirohia mēnā kua whakakīkīhia te tarutaru. Me tata ngā pakiaka o te tarutaru ki te oneone. Rehuhia kia kotahi te wai i te ahiahi mō ngā wiki e rua, e rua rānei i muri i te whakatō. I muri i ngā wiki e rua, rehuhia kia kotahi te wai i ngā rā e rua, i runga i te wā me ngā āhuatanga o te rangi, ko te nuinga hei whakamakuku.
Whakatōkia he tongi i ia wiki ki te toru marama i muri i te whakatō. Whakamahia he 1-3% te wai urea me te whakamakuku me te rehu. Whakaranua tuatahi, kātahi ka whakamātotoru. Mai i nāianei, whakamahia he 4-6 pauna o te urea mō ia eka kotahi i te marama. Whakatō maroke i ngā rā ua. , ringihia he wai i te rā paki, ā, whakamahia he mīhini tapahi tarutaru hei tapahi i te tarutaru ina eke te tarutaru ki te 8-10 cm te teitei. Me mahi te tango i te tarutaru i te hawhe marama i muri i te whakatō, i te mutunga rānei o Hānuere. Ina tīmata te tipu o ngā taru, keria me te hutia te tarutaru i te wā tika, ā, whakakīkīhia i muri i te keri kia kore ai e pā ki te tipu o te tarutaru matua. Ko te tarutaru hou kua whakatōkia he kore mate me ngā pepeke, ā, kāore e hiahiatia he mana motuhake. Hei whakatere i te tipu, ka taea te whakamakuku me te rehu i te 0.1-0.5% te pāhare pākawa waro pāhare pākawa waro i te wā o muri mai.
2. Te whakahaere i te wā roa
Ko te tau tuarua ki te rima i muri i te whakatō tarutaru te wā o te tipu kaha. He kakariki te nuinga o te tarutaru whakapaipai, nō reira ko te arotahi ko te pupuri i te kakariki. Mō te whakahaere wai, whakatuwheratia ngā kakau o te tarutaru, kia maroke te oneone engari kaua e mā, e mākū engari kaua e poke. Ko te kaupapa matua kia maroke i te kōanga me te raumati, kia mākū hoki i te ngahuru me te takurua. Me pania te tongi mārire, kia angiangi hoki, kia iti iho i te marama o Āperira ki Hepetema o te tau, kia nui ake i ngā pito e rua. Whakamahia he 2-4 pauna o te urea mō ia mu i muri i ia tapahi tarutaru. I te wā tino tipu, whakahaerea te tongi me te wai hei whakahaere i te tere tipu, ki te kore ka piki ake te maha o ngā wā tapahi, ā, ka piki ake te utu tiaki. Ko te tapahi te kaupapa matua o tēnei wāhanga. Ko te auau o te tapahi me te kounga o te tapahi e pā ana ki te whakahekenga o te tarutaru me ngā utu tiaki. He mea tika kia whakahaerea te maha o ngā tapahi tarutaru ki te 8-10 ngā wā i te tau, me te toharite kotahi i te marama mai i Pēpuere ki Hepetema, ā, kotahi i ia rua marama mai i Oketopa ki Hanuere o te tau e whai ake nei. Ngā whakaritenga hangarau tapahi tarutaru: Tuatahi, ko te teitei tarutaru pai rawa atu he 6-10 cm. Mena ka neke atu i te 10 henimita, ka taea te tapahi. Ina neke atu i te 15 henimita, ka puta mai he "puke tarutaru" ā, ka rite ētahi wāhanga ki ngā matau. I tēnei wā, me tapahi. Ko te tuarua ko te whakarite i mua i te tapahi. Tirohia mēnā he noa te kaha o te mīhini tapahi tarutaru, kei te koi te mata o te tarutaru, ā, kāore i pakaru, ā, kei te ma te tarutaru i ngā kōhatu me ngā paru. Ko te tuatoru ko te whakahaere i te mīhini tapahi tarutaru. Whakatikatikahia te tawhiti o te mata ki te 2-4 henimita mai i te whenua (he iti te tapahi i te wā roa, he nui te tapahi i te ngahuru me te hotoke), neke whakamua i te tere pumau, ā, ka whiti te whānui o te tapahi i te 3-5 henimita i ia wā, me te kore e ngaro tetahi tapahi. Tuawhā, horoia ngā rau tarutaru i muri tonu i te tapahi, ā, whakamakukuhia, ka whakawairakau.
3. Te whakahaere i ngā wāhanga puhoi me ngā wāhanga roa
Kua heke te tere o te tipu o te tarutaru i roto i ngā tau 6-10 i muri i te whakatō, ā, kei te piki haere ngā rau me ngā kakau mate i ia tau. He ngāwari te pirau pakiaka i ngā wā wera me te makuku, ā, he ngāwari hoki ki te pakaru e te Digitonus (ngote heu) i te ngahuru me te takurua. Ko te arotahi o te mahi he aro ki te Ārai me te whakahaere i ngā pepeke me ngā mate. Kua kitea i muri i ngā rā e toru o te waipuke tonu, ka tīmata te pirau o ngā pakiaka. I muri i te mimiti o te wai, kei te ora tonu. I muri i ngā rā e whitu o te waipuke tonu, neke atu i te 90% o ngā pakiaka ka pirau, ā, tata kore ora, nō reira me whakatipu anō te tarutaru. Ahakoa ka iti ake te pirau pakiaka i roto i ngā rā 1-2 o te waipuke, ko te pāmahana me te haumākū teitei i muri i te mimiti ka āwhina i te whakaputa uri o ngā pathogens, ā, ka arahi ki te pirau pakiaka. Whakamahia te thiophanate, te carbendazim rānei 800-1000 wā, ka rehuhia te wāhi mate 2-3 wā (rehuhia kotahi i ia 2-10 rā) hei ārai me te whakahaere i te pirau pakiaka. Ka tapahia e ngā kutukutu tawhito te pūtake o te tarutaru i runga i te mata, ka hanga he wāhi maroke. Ka whānui haere te rohe i ia rā, i ia rā, ka tere te kino, ka nui hoki ngā wāhi maroke. I te wā e tirotirohia ana, me whakawātea te tarutaru kia kitea ai ngā torongū. Me kimi wawe, me whakamahi hoki i ngā patu pepeke i te wā taitamariki o ngā torongū. Ko te tikanga, ka whakamahia ngā mīhini whakamomona, te hora ā-ringa rānei o ngā patu pepeke hei whakahaere i ngā pepeke. I muri i ngā rā e toru, ka tangohia te tarutaru kino, ā, ka tāpirihia anō te otinga urea. Ka tīmata anō te tipu i muri i te wiki. Me whakapakari ake te whakahaere tongi me te wai i te wā puhoi i te wā momona, ā, ka taea te whakanui ake i te whakamomona pakiaka-kore. He pai ake te whakahaere i te maha o ngātapahi tarutaru ngā wā ki te 7-8 ngā wā i te tau.
4. Te whakahaere i te wāhanga whakararuraru o te tarutaru
I tīmata te pirau o te tarutaru i ia tau, i ia tau, i ia tau, i ia tau, i ia tau, i ia tau, ā, i ia tau, i ia tau, i ia tau, i ia tau, i ia tau, i ia tau, i ia tau, me te whakahaere i te wai, ki te kore ka kino haere te pirau o te pakiaka, ka mate hoki. Me whakapakari te tirotiro me te ārai i ngā pepeke me ngā mate. I tēnei wā, me tāpiri atu he tongi. Ka taea te rehu i ngā tongi rau motuhake mō ngā tarutaru ki ngā rau hei whakakī i ngā hiahia o te tarutaru. Ngā matūkai tipu. Ka taea te whakatō anō i ngā wāhi kua mate. Ka āta ora te tarutaru kua pirau i muri i te tapahi, ā, kaua e neke atu i te 6 ngā wā e tapahia ai te tarutaru puta noa i te tau. Hei tāpiri, nā te mea he angiangi te tarutaru matua, he ngāwari te tupu o ngā taru, ā, me keri i te wā tika. Me whakapakari te whakahaere i tēnei wā kia pai ai te whakaroa i te pirau o te tarutaru.
Te wā tuku: Hurae-19-2024