I muri i te tīmatanga o te kōanga, ka piki te pāmahana toharite, ā, ka tīmata anō te tipu o ngā momo tarutaru rerekē, ka hanga he kākāriki hou, ā, ka uru te tarutaru ki te wā whakakāriki anō. Ina eke ki runga ake i te 4°C, ka tīmata te tipu o ngā kakau me ngā rau o runga o ngā tarutaru whenua makariri, ā, ka tae te tihi ki te wā whakakāriki. Ko te tere tipu tere rawa ko te 15-25℃. Ka hutia noa e te tarutaru whenua mahana ngā wana hou mai i te pūtake kakau, i te pūtake rānei o te rhizome ina piki te pāmahana ki te 10-12.7℃ i roto i ngā rā tata nei, ā, ka tipu haere ngā pakiaka, ngā kakau me ngā rau. Ko te pāmahana tipu o te tarutaru whenua ko te 25-35℃. Ko te whakaoranga o te tipu o te puna o te tarutaru whenua ka tīmata mai i te wāhanga o raro whenua i te tuatahi. Mātao-tarutaru whenuaKa tīmata te tipu ina tata ki te 0°C te pāmahana. Ka ora wawe hoki te pūnaha pakiaka o te tarutaru whenua mahana i te wāhanga whenua, engari he nui ake te pāmahana e hiahiatia ana. Teitei (7~11℃). Hei whakatairanga i te huri matomato o te tarutaru i mua, me whakapakari te whakahaere mai i ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei.
1. Whakahaerehia kia tino tika ngā taumata e toru, ā, ringihia te wai whakakakara ki te puna
I te pikinga ake o te pāmahana, ka tīmata te tarutaru ki te wā matomato. I tēnei wā, he mea nui te wai mō te tipu o te tarutaru. Ka taea te uru ki te wai i roto i te 1-3 wā, mai i te wiki kotahi i mua i te kakariki o te tarutaru tae noa ki te wā. He mea nui tēnei i ngā wāhi maroke, i ngā tau rānei. He mea tino nui. I te ringihanga o te wai e kakariki ana, me tino aroturuki ngā mea e toru.
Whakawetohia te pāmahana. "Ka huka i te pō, ka memeha i te awatea, nō reira he tika te whakamakuku." He whakarāpopototanga tēnei o te wheako o te whakamakuku i te wai matomato ki ngā tarutaru makariri i te raki. Kaua e ringihia noa te wai kua hoki ki te kikorangi i te tīmatanga. Ki te kore te oneone huka i rewa, ka ngāwari te whakamakuku wawe ki te kohikohi wai, ki te huka, ki te makariri. Ka taea anake te mahi ina eke te pāmahana toharite o ia rā ki runga ake i te 3℃. Ko te hekenga o te pāmahana whenua ka pā ki te whanaketanga pakiaka me te mahi moroiti o te tarutaru tarutaru, ka waiho te tipu tarutaru tarutaru kia kore e tupu, ka puta rānei ngā tipu tawhito iti. I muri i te whakakorenga o te paparanga oneone, ki te kore e pai te āhua o te puna wai, me whakamakuku tonu kia rite ki te āhua o te tipu. Ki te pai te āhua o te puna wai, ka taea te tīmata te whakamakuku ina tau te pāmahana whenua ki runga ake i te 5℃ 5cm i muri i te whakakorenga o te paparanga oneone.
Whakamutua te nui o te wai. Kia tino whakahaere i te nui o te wai ina ringihia te wai matomato. Nā te nui o ngā huringa pāmahana i waenga i te ao me te pō i te tīmatanga o te kōanga, me te maha o ngā huringa o ngā ia o te hau makariri me te hau mahana, he pai ake te nui o te whakamakuku ki te iti o te wai, kaua ki te waipuke ki te nui o te wai hei ārai i te kino o te hukapapa ki te tarutaru i puta mai i te iti rawa o te pāmahana me te pāmahana o te whenua mēnā ka pā mai te makariri.
E ai ki te nui o te makuku o te tarutaru, whakatauhia te raupapatanga o te tīmatanga o te whakamakuku. Whakamakukuhia ngā tipu nunui me ngā tipu kaha i te tuatahi, kātahi ka whakatipuria ngā tipu ngoikore; whakamakukuhia ngā tipu ki te oneone onepu he pai te uruhanga i te tuatahi, kātahi ka whakatipuria ngā tipu ki te oneone piri he ngoikore te uruhanga; whakamakukuhia ngā tipu ki te tauraki nui i te tuatahi, kātahi ka whakamakukuhia ngā tipu ki te tauraki ngawari. Me whakamakuku ngā tipu ki te oneone tote-kawa i muri mai; mō ngā tarutaru he nui rawa ngā rōpū, ka taea te whakaroa i te whakamakuku kia pai ai te wehewehe o ngā tipu nunui me ngā tipu iti. Ahakoa pēhea, ka tauraki. Me aro ngā tarutaru puna ki te whakakotahitanga o te whakamakuku me ngā mahi wetewete oneone kia pai ai ngā hua.
2. Tāpirihia te tongi matomato
He wā nui te kōanga mōwhakamomona tarutaru, he mea nui tēnei ki te tipu o te tarutaru puta noa i te tau. Kotahi wiki i mua i te hokinga o te tarutaru ki te kākāriki, me mahi te whakawairakau tika me te ringihanga wai kākāriki. Ko te nuinga o tēnei wā ka whakatairanga i te tere o te hokinga mai o te tarutaru ki te kākāriki me ngā tipu. Whakamahia te urea i runga i te tongi hauota, ka horahia kia ōrite kia rite ki te tere whakawairakau o te 5gN/m2. Ka taea e ia te whakatairanga i te tarutaru kia huri wawe ki te kākāriki. I muri i te hurihanga o te tarutaru ki te kākāriki, ka taea te whakamahi i te tongi hauota, te whākawa me te pāhare pākawa me te whakamakuku. I te wā kotahi o te whakawairakau, ka taea te tāpiri i tētahi matū pakari me te whakapakari tipu, ka taea te whakaoho i te hanganga o te karu, te whakatairanga i te rerekētanga o te pakiaka, te whakateretere i te whanaketanga o te pakiaka, te whakatipu tipu kaha, te whakapai ake i te kounga o te tarutaru me te ārai i ngā mate tarutaru, me ētahi atu, inā koa mō ngā mate tarutaru nā te mea he pānga whakaora whakamiharo ki ngā tipu ngoikore me ngā tipu mate i puta mai i te pirau o te tarutaru i puta mai i ngā āhuatanga taiao tino kino.
3. Whakatōkia kia wetekina te oneone, kia maroke, kia iti ake ai te paru. I mua i te huri matomato, me parau te tarutaru kua whakakīia, me te paru. Mō ngā wāhi he nui te wai whenua, me whakatuwhera ngā awaawa e karapoti ana me ngā awaawa tuara hei rerenga wai me te whakaiti i te paru.
4. Kia pai te mahi whakakī i ngā āputa. Nā te kino o te hukapapa, nā te tangata rānei, ka pāngia te tarutaru tarutaru e ngā ira pakira. Mō te āhuatanga o ngā ira pakira, me mahi te mahi hei whakakī i ngā āputa i te wā tika. Ka taea te whakatō i te tarutaru tarutaru whenua mahana mā te whakatō kakau, ka taea te whakatō i te tarutaru tarutaru whenua makariri mā te purapura, ka taea rānei te whakamahi i te whakatō hei whakakī i ngā āputa. Hei whakakī i ngā āputa, me whakamakuku me te whakawairakau i te wā tika. Whakatairanga i te putanga wawe, te oranga wawe me te tipu taurite.
I roto i te poto, he mea nui te whakahaere tongi me te wai hei whakatairanga i te huri matomato o te tarutaru i mua i te wā. I tēnei wā, me whakarite kia whakaratohia te tongi me te wai e hiahiatia ana kia huri matomato ai te tarutaru.
Wā tuku: 23 o Ākuhata-2024