Ko te whakamakuku tētahi o ngā huarahi matua hei whakarite i te nui o te wai e hiahiatia ana mō te tipu me te whanaketanga o te tarutaru i te wā tika. He huarahi whai hua tēnei hei whakakī i te korenga o te nui me te kore taurite o te wāhi o te ua. I ētahi wā ka whakamahia hoki te whakamakuku pīni hei horoi i te wai. ngā maniua matū, ngā patupatu pepeke me te puehu e piri ana ki ngā rau o te tarutaru, hei whakamatao hoki i te rangi wera, maroke hoki.
1. Te hiranga me te mahi o te whakamakuku i te tarutaru
(1) Ko te whakamakuku te pūtake matua mō te whakarite kia tupu noa ngā tipu o te kari
He nui te wai e pau ana i ngā tipu tarutaru i a rātou e tipu ana. E ai ki ngā inenga, e 500-700 karamu te wai e pau ana i ngā tipu tarutaru tarutaru mō ia 1 karamu o te mea maroke e puta ana. Nō reira, kāore i te rawaka te whakawhirinaki noa ki te ua o te rangi. Ina koa i ngā wāhi maroke, i ngā wāhi e nui ana te mimiti me te ua, ko te wai te mea nui rawa atu hei whakawhāiti i te tipu me te whanaketanga o te tarutaru. Ko te huarahi tino whai hua ki te whakaoti i te kore makuku o te tarutaru ko te whakamakuku.
(2) Ko te whakamakuku i te tarutaru tetahi o ngā āhuatanga matua hei whakarite kia kanapa te tae o ngā tipu tarutaru, kia roa ai hoki te wā matomato.
I te wā maroke, he iti, he angiangi ngā rau o ngā tipu kari, ā, ka huri te kōwhai o ngā rau. Ka huri te kari mai i te kōwhai ki te kakariki i muri i te whakainu nui.
(3) Ko te whakamakuku i te tarutaru tētahi o ngā hononga nui ki te whakahaere i te āhuarangi iti me te huringa o te pāmahana.
I ngā āhuatanga wera o te raumati, mā te whakamakuku i te wā tika ka taea te whakaiti i te pāmahana, te whakanui ake i te haumākū, me te ārai i ngā wera nui. Mā te whakamakuku i te takurua i mua i te takurua ka taea te whakanui ake i te pāmahana me te ārai i te kino o te huka.
(4) Ko te whakamakuku i te tarutaru tetahi o ngā āhuatanga hei whakarei ake i te whakataetae o ngā tarutaru me te whakaroa i tō rātou oranga whai hua.
Ka taea e te whakamakuku i te tarutaru te whakanui ake i te kaha o te tarutaru, te pehi hoki i ngā taru kino, ā, ka roa ake ai tōna oranga whai hua.
(5) Mā te whakamakuku i ngā tarutaru i te wā tika ka ārai i ngā pepeke, ngā mate, me ngā kino a ngā kiore.
Mā te whakamakuku i te tarutaru i te wā tika ka ārai i ngā mate, ngā pepeke me ngā kiore, ā, ko tētahi o ngā huarahi nui hei whakarite i te tipu noa o ngā tipu tarutaru. Ko ētahi pepeke me ngā mate ka puta pinepine ake i te wā maroke, pērā i ngā aphids me ngā noke, he nui te auau o te mate, ā, he kino nui i te wā tauraki. Ka taea e ngā pepeke tarutaru te whakararu nui i ngā tarutaru i te wā maroke. Mā te whakamakuku i te wā tika ka taea te whakakore i ēnei mate.
2. Te whakatau i ngā whakaritenga wai mō te kari
He maha ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te hiahia mō te wai i roto i te kari. Ko ngā āhuatanga matua ko ngā momo me ngā momo tarutaru, ngā momo oneone me ngā āhuatanga taiao. He maha ngā huarahi e taunekeneke ai ēnei āhuatanga. I raro i ngā tikanga tiaki whānui, e 25-40mm te wai e hiahiatia ana mō ngā kari i ia wiki, ā, ka taea te whakatutuki mā te ua, te whakamakuku, mā te rua rānei. He rerekē te nui o te wai e hiahiatia ana mō te whakamakuku i ngā rohe he rerekē ngā āhuatanga o te rangi. Ko te tikanga, kotahi ōrau noa iho o te wai e mimitihia ana e ngā tipu. Te tipu me te whanaketanga.
(1) Te mimiti
He mea nui te mimiti wai hei whakatau i te hiahia wai o ngā tipu. E pā ana tēnei ki te nui o te wai e ngaro ana i te tarutaru mō ia wāhi i roto i te wā kotahi mā te mimiti wai o ngā tipu me te mimiti wai o te mata. I roto i te tarutaru he nui te kapi, ko te mimiti wai o ngā tipu te wāhanga nui o te ngaronga wai.
(2) Te kakano o te oneone
He pānga nui tō te kakano o te oneone ki te nekehanga, te rokiroki me te wātea o te wai. He nui ngā āputaputa o ngā oneone onepu, nō reira ka pai te mimiti o ēnei oneone matotoru engari he iti te kaha pupuri wai. Ka puhoi ake te mimiti o ngā oneone uku nā te mea he nui ake te ōwehenga o ngā āputaputa moroiti i ngā oneone onepu, engari he nui ake te wai e mau ana i ngā oneone matotoru nā te mea he nui ake te horahanga o te mata matūriki me te rahinga o ngā pūwero. He pai te mimiti me te rokiroki wai o te oneone paru.
(3) Ngā āhuatanga o te rangi
He uaua ngā āhuatanga o te āhuarangi o tōku whenua, ā, he rerekē rawa te ua i ia wāhi, mai i ētahi rau mirimita ia tau i te raki-mā-uru ki te neke atu i te kotahi mano mirimita i te takutai tonga-mā-rāwhiti. He tino kore taurite hoki te tohatoha o te ua i ia wā. He rerekē rawa te whakamahinga wai i ia wāhi, ā, me urutau ngā mehua ki ngā āhuatanga o te rohe. Whakatauhia he mahere wai whakamakuku tika hei whakakī i te tohatoha kore taurite o te ua i te wā me te wāhi.
(4) Whakatauhia te hiahia wai
I te korenga o ngā āhuatanga hei ine i ngā āhuatanga o te mimiti wai, ka taea te whakatau i te whakamahinga wai i runga i ētahi raraunga ā-wheako. Hei tikanga whānui, i te wā maroke o te tipu, me 2.5-3.8cm te whakamakuku ia wiki kia noho matomato, kia ora tonu te tarutaru. I ngā wāhi wera me te maroke, ka taea te tāpiri i te 5.1cm, neke atu rānei o te wai i ia wiki. Nā te mea kei roto te nuinga o te pūnaha pakiaka tarutaru i te paparanga oneone i runga ake i te 10-15cm, me whakamakuku te paparanga oneone ki te 10-15cm i muri i ia whakamakuku.
3. Te wā whakamakuku
He mātaungā kaiwhakahaere tarutaruHe maha ngā wā ka whakatauhia te wā whakamakuku i runga i ngā tohu o te korenga o te wai i roto i te tarutaru. Ka huri te tarutaru memenge ki te kikorangi-kakariki, ki te hina-kakariki rānei. Mena ka kitea e koe ngā tapuwae, ngā tohu rānei i muri i te hikoi, te whakahaere rānei i te mīhini puta noa i te tarutaru, ko te tikanga he tino iti te wai o te tarutaru. Ina tīmata te memenge o te tarutaru, ka ngaro tōna ngāwari. He pai tēnei tikanga mō. Kāore i te pai mō ngā tarutaru he nui te whakahaere me te nui o te rere o ngā waka, nā te mea he tino iti te wai o te tarutaru i tēnei wā, ā, kua pāngia te kounga o te tarutaru, ā, ko te tarutaru kāore i te nui te wai e kore e pai kia takahia.
Whakamahia he maripi hei tirotiro i te oneone. Mena he maroke te oneone i te rohe o raro o te pakiaka o te tarutaru, 10-15cm te hohonu, me whakamakuku. He mārama ake te tae o te oneone maroke i te oneone mākū.
Ko te wā iti rawa o te rā hei whakamakuku ko te wā kāore he hau, he nui te haumākū, ā, he iti hoki te pāmahana. Ko te nuinga o tēnei hei whakaiti i te ngaronga o te mimiti wai. Ka taea e ngā āhuatanga o te pō, o te ata pō rānei te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga o runga ake nei, ā, he iti noa te ngaronga o te wai mō te whakamakuku. Heoi, mō te whakamakuku i te poutumarotanga, ka taea e te 50% o te wai te mimiti i mua i te taenga ki te whenua. Heoi, ko te nui rawa o te haumākū i roto i te tuanui o te kari ka arahi i te putanga mai o ngā mate. Mā te whakamakuku i te pō ka mākū te tarutaru kari mō ngā hāora maha, neke atu rānei. I raro i ēnei āhuatanga, ka angiangi te paparanga ware pi me ētahi atu paparanga tiaki i runga i te mata o ngā tipu kari. He ngāwari te whakamahi i ngā mate urutā me ngā moroiti ki ngā kiko tipu. Nō reira, i muri i te whakaaroaro whānui, e whakaponohia ana ko te ata pō te wā pai rawa atu hei whakatū kari.
4. Te auau o te whakamakuku
Ko te tikanga, whakamakukuhia kia kotahi, kia rua rānei ngā wā i te wiki. Mēnā he pai te kaha o te oneone ki te pupuri wai, ā, he nui te wai e taea te pupuri i roto i te paparanga pakiaka, ka taea te whakamakuku i te wai e hiahiatia ana kia kotahi i te wiki. Ko te oneone onepu kāore i te kaha ki te pupuri wai, me whakamakuku kia rua ngā wā, ia 3 marama. -Whakamakukuhia te haurua o te wai e hiahiatia ana ia wiki mō ngā rā e 4.
Te wā tuku: Hōngongoi-01-2024