Te tiaki me te whakahaere i te tarutaru

1. Te whakamakuku

Ko te whakamakuku tētahi o ngā mahi tiaki matua o te papa tarutaru. Mō ngā papa tarutaru, ehara i te mea ka whakaora noa i te "tauraki" me te whakatairanga i te pirau me te mimiti o ngā matūkai mā te whakamakuku, engari ka whakapai ake hoki i te ātete o te takahanga me te kakahu o ngā tipu papa tarutaru, ka tere ake te whakaora i te papa tarutaru, ka āwhina i ngā papa tarutaru kia huri matomato wawe, ka whakaroa i te kōwhai, ā, ka roa ake te matomato me te tirohanga. Ka āwhina hoki i ngā momo tarutaru makariri kia ora haumaru i te raumati. Me whakahaere ngāwari te wā me te auau o te whakamakuku papa tarutaru i runga i te wāhi me te wā. I te Tai Tokerau o Haina, ina tae te pāmahana oneone ki te 4-8°C, ka tīmata te tupu o ngā pakiaka o te tarutaru makariri, kātahi ka tupu ngā rau. Ina tae te pāmahana ki te 15°C, ka tere te tupu, ā, ina noho tonu te pāmahana ki te 27°C, ka moe. Me nui te wai e hiahiatia ana e te papa tarutaru mai i te wā ka tīmata te huri matomato, mai i te tipu kaha ki te moe i te raumati. Nō reira, me mahi te whakamakuku 1-2 ngā wā i te wiki i tēnei wā kia mau tonu te makuku o te oneone. Mō ngā papa tarutaru e tipu noa ana, me ringihia te wai mimiti kotahi i ia puna i mua i te pihinga me muri i te ngahuru ina tata mutu te tipu. Ka huaina ēnei ko te wai puna me te wai tio. He tino painga tēnei mō te tipu o te tau katoa me te haumaru o te noho i te takurua o ngā tarutaru hiako.

2. Whakatōngia

Ahakoa he ātete ngā tipu kari ki te koretake, me whakatō te tarutaru kia matomato pouri ai ngā rau o te kari, kia tupu pai ai, kia taurite ai te tipu, kia kaha ake ai te ātete o te kari ki ngā taru me te takahanga. Haunga te tāpiri i te tongi rauropi ina hanga ana i te kari,whakakakahu o rungame mahi kia 1-2 ngā wā i te wā tipu i ia tau. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka whakamahia ngā maniua matū hei whakatō, ko ngā maniua hauota te nuinga. Hei tauira, ka tāpirihia te urea ki te 2 kg mō ia 667 mita pūrua. Ka taea te hora tika ki runga i te papa tarutaru, kātahi ka whakamakuku, ka taea rānei te hora ki runga i te papa tarutaru i mua i te ua māmā.

3. Kutikuti

Ko te tapahi, e mōhiotia ana ko te tapahi, te hurihuri rānei, he mahi nui hei pupuri i te tipu noa me te āhua ataahua o te tarutaru. Ka whakamahia te kaha whakaora kaha o ngā tipu tarutaru hei kutikuti i a rātou ki tētahi teitei hei whakatairanga i te tipu o ngā wāhanga kua whakahoutia, ā, ka whakatairanga i te tire, te whakanui ake i te kiato o ngā rau, me te pupuri i te tarutaru kia iti, kia maeneene hoki, kia papatahi te mata. Ko te auau me te teitei o te tapahi ka pāngia e ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te taumata whakahaere, te momo tarutaru, ngā momo tarutaru, te pāmahana, me te rohe. Mena he nui te tiaki me te whakainu tika me te whakamomona o te tarutaru, me tapahi pinepine ake, ā, ko te ritenga kē. Me tapahi pinepine ake ngā momo rau matotoru i ngā momo rau pai. I te raki, he iti te pāmahana, he puhoi te tipu o ngā tarutaru, ā, he iti ake te tapahi i ngā tarutaru i te tonga. Me pupuri te teitei tapahi kia iti rawa, ko te tikanga he 4-6 cm mō ngā tarutaru whakapaipai, kaua e neke atu i te 8 cm mō ngā tarutaru noa. I muri i te whakatau i te teitei tapahi o te tarutaru, me tapahi i te wā e neke ake ana te teitei tipu o te tarutaru i te 1/3 o te teitei tapahi. Ki te kore e nui ngā toenga i muri i te tapahi, ka taea te waiho ki runga i te papa tarutaru, ka pirau hei whakanui ake i te nui o ngā mea rauropi o te oneone. Ki te nui rawa ngā kakau me ngā rau e tapahia ana, ā, ka waiho ki runga i te papa tarutaru, ka pāngia te āhua o te papa tarutaru, ka pāngia hoki e ngā mate o te papa tarutaru, nō reira me tango atu.

4. Tangohia ngā taru kino

Ko ngā taru te hoariri matua o te tipu o te tarutaru. Kia tae mai ki te wā e tipu ai, ka pāngia te kounga o te tarutaru, ka ngaro te āhua taketake me te ātaahua o te tarutaru, ka whakararu i te tirohanga. I ngā wā tino kino, ka pāngia te tipu noa o te tarutaru, ka mate te tarutaru, ka noho koraha. E rua ngā tikanga mo te tango taru: ko te tuatahi ko te tango ā-ringa i ngā taru. Whakamahia he maripi hei keri i ngā taru i roto i tō tarutaru, ka tangohia ngā pakiaka katoa. Ko te tuarua ko te whakamahi i ngā patu taru matū. I te whakamahinga, me whiriwhiri te momo patu taru kia rite ki te momo tarutaru, ā, me tino aro turuki te whānuitanga me te horopeta o te patu taru.

5. Tāpirihia te oneone

Nā te kino a te tangata, he takoto kau te tarutaru, ā, e kitea ana ngā pakiaka o te tarutaru, nō reira me whakanui ake i ia tau kia tere ai te whakatipu i ngā purapura tarutaru. Tāpirihia he oneone i ia takurua, i te tīmatanga rānei o te kōanga, ā, tāpirihia he oneone kia tata ki te 0.5-1.0 cm te matotoru i ia wā. Kaua e tino matotoru, ki te kore ka pā ki te tipu o ngā puku. Ka taea hoki te tāpiri oneone me te whakamahi i ngā maniua waro. Ko te tuatahi hei whakapai ake i te oneone me te whakanui ake i te momona o te oneone; ko te tuarua hei ārai i te wai me te horo o te oneone, hei whakanui ake i te maeneene me te ataahua o te tarutaru.

6. Te hurihuri

I te takurua, me te whakawātea ā-wāhanga o te oneone o te papa tarutaru, ka tio te oneone o te tarutaru, ā, ka wehea ngā pakiaka o te tarutaru i te oneone, ka kitea ki te whenua, ā, ka mate wawe ina pāngia e te rā. Nō reira, ka hurihia te papa tarutaru i te tīmatanga o te kōanga ina taurite te makuku o te oneone i mua i te rewa o te oneone kia pihi ake. TarutaruTe hurihurie kore e taea anake te whakakotahi i ngā pūtake tarutaru korekore me te oneone kei raro, engari ka whakapai ake hoki i te maeneene o te tarutaru. He maha ngā wā ka honoa te pēhi me te tāpiri oneone. Ka taea e te whakawātea ā-wāhanga te whakapai ake i te urunga o te oneone, ā, ka āwhina i te tarutaru ki te mimiti i te wai me te tongi.

7. Te ārai i ngā mate kino me ngā whara kino

⑴Mate

①Ko te tohu matua o te waikura ko te puta mai o ngā mate paura parauri-whero, ngā whiu rānei i runga i ngā kakau me ngā rau, ā, ka huri hei parauri pouri. I te nuinga o te wā, ka tīmata te horapa o ngā pua waikura i te marama o Āperira, ka puta tuatahi ki ngā rau, kātahi ka horapa ki te tipu katoa i te raumati. I ngā wā tino kino, ka maroke, ka mate te tarutaru i ngā wāhi whānui. Ko te tikanga ārai me te whakahaere ko te karo tuatahi i te whakamahi i te tongi hauota i te raumati, ā, ko te tuarua ko te whakamahi i ngā tikanga matū hei ārai me te whakahaere.

⑵Ngā pepeke

① He kino nui tēnei pepeke ki ngā tarutaru. Ka kai i ngā pakiaka me ngā kakau o te tarutaru, ka whakararu i te wai o te tipu, ā, ka huri kōwhai, ka mate hoki ngā kakau me ngā rau. Ko ngā tikanga ārai me te whakahaere ko te patu ki te mārama pango, te hopu ki te wai reka me te kawa, me te rehu ki te 40% Lesbon 1000 ngā wā wai. ② Ka ngaungau te mawhitiwhiti upoko koi i ngā rau me ngā kakau ngawari. Ina nui te pānga, ka kainga katoatia ngā kakau me ngā rau. Ko te kino tino kino mai i Hune ki Ākuhata. Ko te tikanga whakahaere ko te rehu i te 0.5 kg o te trichlorfon, o te dichlorvos rānei ia eka ki te 500 kg o te wai. Ka taea hoki e koe te whakakotahi i te kaha tangata hei patu i te ata. ③ Ka kai noa ngā kutukutu tapahi iti i ngā kakau me ngā rau taitamariki, ka ārai i te tipu noa o te tarutaru. I ngā wā tino kino, ka mate pea ngā tipu i roto i ngā wahi nunui. Ko te tikanga whakahaere ko te whakamahi i te 50% Dianon EC, 50 ki te 100 ml ia mu, te 25% rānei paura carbaryl wettable, 200 ki te 250 ml ia mu.